Ravikumar Manish (2024) "Behavioral rescue: Naringenin’s neuroprotective effects against PTZ-induced seizures by mitigating oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in zebrafish larvae". PTZ-induced seizures by mitigating oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in zebrafish larvae. ISSN 2667-1425

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Abstract

accounting for about 1 % of the global population. Despite significant advancements in pharmaceutical therapies,
the molecular mechanisms underlying epileptogenesis remain poorly understood, leading to symptomatic
treatment being ineffective for about 30 % of patients. Recent evidence implicates oxidative stress and neuroinflammation
in the pathophysiology of epilepsy. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been used for
millennia across Asia and beyond to treat conditions such as cancer, cardiovascular disorders, and neurological
diseases, owing to its proven effectiveness. Naringenin is a traditional Chinese component commonly found in
citrus fruits and is a naturally occurring flavonoid.
Methods: The present investigation aimed to examine the neuroprotective properties of Naringenin in mitigating
PTZ-induced seizures in zebrafish larvae. Zebrafish were administered Naringenin (50 μM) for 24 h at 6 days
post-fertilization (dpf), followed by exposure to 15 mM PTZ for 30 min. The study assessed c-fos expression and
synaptic activity, oxidative damage, antioxidant defence mechanisms, apoptosis, and levels of nrf2, ho-1, and
nqo-1 in the head regions of zebrafish larvae. Additionally, the expression of inflammatory cytokines (cox-2, tnfα,
il-1β, and il-6) was evaluated.
Results: Naringenin pretreatment restored c-fos expression and synaptic activity in epileptic zebrafish larvae. The
study observed high levels of oxidative damage, reduced antioxidant defences, and increased apoptosis in the
larvae with epilepsy. Specifically, levels of nrf2, ho-1, and nqo-1 were decreased in the head regions of the
epileptic zebrafish larvae. Naringenin administration mitigated oxidative stress, reduced neuronal apoptosis, and
increased the expression of nrf2, ho-1, and nqo-1. Additionally, during seizures, inflammatory cytokines such as
cox-2, tnfα, il-1β, and il-6 were upregulated, but naringenin pretreatment was shown to mitigate this effect.
Discussion: The findings collectively underscore the potential neuroprotective effects of Naringenin against PTZinduced
seizures. Naringenin modulates behavioural patterns, reduces oxidative stress, and dampens neuroinflammation,
highlighting its promise as a therapeutic agent in epilepsy management. The comprehensive
findings of this study serve as a foundation for further research into the mechanisms through which Naringenin
confers its protective effects. Furthermore, it paves the way for exploring the potential clinical applications of
Naringenin in treating epilepsy.

Item Type: Article
Divisions: PSG College of Arts and Science > Department of Biochemistry
Depositing User: Dr. B Sivakumar
Date Deposited: 25 Mar 2026 08:56
Last Modified: 25 Mar 2026 08:56
URI: https://ir.psgcas.ac.in/id/eprint/2737

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